In recent years, the intersection of climate change and literature has become a compelling topic for authors and readers alike. Particularly in the realm of fantasy, where world-building is paramount, the effects of climate change present unique opportunities for storytelling. This article will compare two distinct approaches to climate change in fantasy world-building: the dystopian approach, often characterized by bleak, post-apocalyptic settings, and the hopeful approach, which envisions a world where humanity adapts and thrives despite environmental challenges. Both methods can serve as powerful narratives, but they evoke different emotional responses and implications for readers. Let’s explore the pros and cons of each approach to understand their impact on fantasy literature.